Our Living Labs
Tampere (Finland)
Overview of the demonstration
The objective of these demonstrations was to advance the integration of CCAM into existing urban transportation systems, with a particular emphasis on enhancing interoperability and intermodality between automated vehicles (AVs) and public transit.
Specifically, the demonstrations explored how AVs could effectively interact with critical urban infrastructure. This included real-time communication and response to traffic light systems. A significant focus was also placed on ensuring seamless integration with high-priority public transport, notably the tram. In addition, the demonstrations leveraged the advanced sensor, computing, and communication capabilities of the AVs to detect and report on a range of events to AV fleet operators or public transport management through VTT’s Remote Operation Center (ROC), enabling proactive responses and improved safety.
The CCAM services demonstrated were built upon a robust foundation of existing Cooperative Intelligent Transport Systems (C-ITS) technologies at VTT. These were complemented using open data Application Programming Interfaces (APIs) and platforms, including the Tampere Node, a TLEX platform managed by the City of Tampere.
Vehicles
5 automated vehicles (AVs)
of SAE level 4*
VTT and Remoted vehicles with safety driver
Duration
* The Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE) defines six level of driving automation from 0 (no automation) to 5 (full automation)
Partners
Local stakeholders
Testing scenario
The demonstrations were primarily conducted during winter, in slippery and cold conditions, which limited the automated driving speeds. VTT’s Remote Operation Center (ROC) was utilized to receive and transmit messages to/from the AVs. Both 4G and 5G-SA (standalone) mobile networks were used, with communication between vehicles and ROC arranged via MQTT. Real-time traffic light data was available through the Tampere C-ITS node. The demonstrations included three scenarios:
- GLOSA (Green Light Optimal Speed Advisory) test with AVs,
- Public Transport Vehicle Crossing for AVs (Tram warning app),
- AV detected event.
For GLOSA AV received the traffic light information from the Tampere Node over 4G or 5G, and adapted its speed to pass intersection smoothly without stopping if possible. The tram warning service aims to reduce situations where a slow-moving AV shuttle blocks the lane in front of a tram. The AV detected events such as slippery roads and obstacle, e.g. parked vehicle, on the AV route and sent warnings to VTT ROC.
Use Case:
Integration of traffic and CCAM fleet (last-mile mobility of people)
Tampere Living Lab will work with five SAE level 4 automated vehicles, fully equipped with environment perception sensors that can exchange ITS messages for manoeuvring or deviating.
The LL will implement a New Mobility Hub for public transport, connected fleet of CCAVs, micro-mobility devices, bicyclists and pedestrians.
Objectives
- Enable CCAM services under the knowledge of parameters such as real-time traffic situations, users’ needs and behaviour, traffic management priorities, CCAV characteristics, and emerging mobility concepts.
- Promote interoperability and intermodality between automated vehicles and public transport.
- Integrate CCAM service with the entire traffic management system.
- Explore attainable business models for Tampere LL to implement and maintain the CCAM services.
Key outcomes
The demonstrations covered over 2000 drives and 6,300 kilometres with AVs, transporting over 2000 passengers. The CCAM vehicles were highly visible on the streets of Hervanta and Lintuhytti areas in Tampere. The outcomes of the demonstrations will be reported after the analysis of the KPIs in upcoming deliverables.
Explore the Tram warning app for automated shuttle in Tampere Living Lab
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